The construction of moulds covers a very broad field given the range of materials that can be used in their manufacture and how they are built, which varies a lot depending on the type of mould.

When it comes to choosing materials to be used in making the moulds it is necessary to bear in mind the relation of wear-and-tear resistance existing between components. The clays used for each type of ceramic are also an important factor as the degree of erosion is not the same for all.

The material most frequently used in manufacturing moulds is steel, of different types depending on the purpose: F-114 steel for the grate and F-521 steel for extracting from the mould, in other words, pin blocks, serrations or frame. The latter steel, unlike the former, is cooled once the pieces have been finished. Both materials have optimum duration with some clays, although generally undergo considerable wear-and-tear.

To increase the durability of the mould it is possible to use other types of material such as polymetallurgic steel, commonly known as K-190, white aluminium, red aluminium and hard metal; all of which are used to manufacture pin blocks and frames.

The mould grate is made with other metals such as antiwear sheet metal and treated steel which may or may not be reinforced with hard chrome or tungsten carbide powder.
Whatever the case, the final aim is to choose one material or the other and manufacture in such a way as to obtain maximum performance from the mould.
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